Acceleration of black hole universe     

T. X. Zhang  C. Frederick 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2014,349(1):567-573

Recently, Zhang slightly modified the standard big bang theory and developed a new cosmological model called black hole universe, which is consistent with Mach’s principle, governed by Einstein’s general theory of relativity, and able to explain all observations of the universe. Previous studies accounted for the origin, structure, evolution, expansion, and cosmic microwave background radiation of the black hole universe, which grew from a star-like black hole with several solar masses through a supermassive black hole with billions of solar masses to the present state with hundred billion-trillions of solar masses by accreting ambient matter and merging with other black holes. This paper investigates acceleration of the black hole universe and provides an alternative explanation for the redshift and luminosity distance measurements of type Ia supernovae. The results indicate that the black hole universe accelerates its expansion when it accretes the ambient matter in an increasing rate. In other words, i.e., when the second-order derivative of the mass of the black hole universe with respect to the time is positive $\ddot{M}(t) > 0$ . For a constant deceleration parameter $q = -M(t) \ddot{M}(t)/\dot{M}(t) \sim-0.6$ , we can perfectly explain the type Ia supernova measurements with the reduced chi-square to be very close to unity, χ _red～1.0012. The expansion and acceleration of black hole universe are driven by external energy.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Observations of a Quasi-periodic,Fast-Propagating Magnetosonic Wave in Multiple Wavelengths and Its Interaction with Other Magnetic Structures     

Y.-D. Shen  Y. Liu  J.-T. Su  H. Li  X.-F. Zhang  Z.-J. Tian  R.-J. Zhao  A. Elmhamdi 《Solar physics》2014,289(5):1917-1917

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The equal area law of asymptotically AdS black holes in extended phase space     

Jun-Xin Zhao  Meng-Sen Ma  Li-Chun Zhang  Hui-Hua Zhao  Ren Zhao 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2014,352(2):763-768

According to Maxwell’s equal area law we study the “real” phase diagram of the charged AdS black hole and the Kerr-AdS black hole. In the extended phase space constructed by treating the cosmological constant as pressure, the two kinds of AdS black hole display themselves like van der Waals system. Under the critical temperature T _c , there exists a regime where the condition of stable equilibrium will be violated. We employ the equal area law to find an isobar which is the real two phase coexistence line. As a byproduct we find a simple method to derive the critical value of the thermodynamic quantities.  相似文献   

A new lunar absolute control point: established by images from the landing camera on Chang'e-3     

Fen-Fei Wang  Jian-Jun Liu  Chun-Lai Li  Xin Ren  Ling-Li Mu  Wei Yan  Wen-Rui Wang  Jing-Tao Xiao  Xu Tan  Xiao-Xia Zhang  Xiao-Duan Zou  Xing-Ye Gao 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(12)

The establishment of a lunar control network is one of the core tasks in selenodesy, in which defining an absolute control point on the Moon is the most important step. However, up to now, the number of absolute control points has been very sparse. These absolute control points have mainly been lunar laser ranging retroreflectors, whose geographical location can be observed by observations on Earth and also identified in high resolution lunar satellite images. The Chang'e-3(CE-3) probe successfully landed on the Moon, and its geographical location has been monitored by an observing station on Earth. Since its positional accuracy is expected to reach the meter level, the CE-3 landing site can become a new high precision absolute control point. We use a sequence of images taken from the landing camera, as well as satellite images taken by CE-1 and CE-2, to identify the location of the CE-3 lander. With its geographical location known, the CE-3 landing site can be established as a new absolute control point, which will effectively expand the current area of the lunar absolute control network by 22%, and can greatly facilitate future research in the field of lunar surveying and mapping, as well as selenodesy.  相似文献   

Improvement in the performance of solar adaptive optics     

Xiao-Fang Zhang  Lian-Qi Wang 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(4):471-484

Adaptive optics （AO）, which provides diffraction limited imaging over a field-of-view （FOV）, is a powerful technique for solar observation. In the tomographic approach, each wavefront sensor （WFS） is looking at a single reference that acts as a guide star. This allows a 3D reconstruction of the distorted wavefront to be made. The correction is applied by one or more deformable mirrors （DMs）. This technique benefits from information about atmospheric turbulence at different layers, which can be used to reconstruct the wavefront extremely well. With the assistance of the MAOS software package, we consider the tomography errors and WFS aliasing errors, and focus on how the performance of a solar telescope （pointing toward zenith） is related to atmospheric anisoplanatism. We theoretically quantify the performance of the to- mographic solar AO system. The results indicate that the tomographic AO system can improve the average Strehl ratio of a solar telescope in a 10＂ - 80＂ diameter FOV by only employing one DM conjugated to the telescope pupil. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of DM conjugate altitude on the correction achievable by the AO system by selecting two atmospheric models that differ mainly in terms of atmospheric prop- erties at ground level, and present the optimum DM conjugate altitudes for different observation sites.  相似文献   

A new calibration model for pointing a radio telescope that considers nonlinear errors in the azimuth axis ＊     

De-Qing Kong  Song-Gen Wang  Jin-Qing Wang  Min Wang  Hong-Bo Zhang 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(6):733-740

A new calibration model of a radio telescope that includes pointing error is presented, which considers nonlinear errors in the azimuth axis. For a large radio telescope, in particular for a telescope with a turntable, it is difficult to correct pointing errors using a traditional linear calibration model, because errors produced by the wheel-on-rail or center bearing structures are generally nonlinear. Fourier expansion is made for the oblique error and parameters describing the inclination direction along the azimuth axis based on the linear calibration model, and a new calibration model for pointing is derived. The new pointing model is applied to the 40 m radio telescope administered by Yunnan Observatories, which is a telescope that uses a turntable. The results show that this model can significantly reduce the residual systematic errors due to nonlinearity in the azimuth axis compared with the linear model.  相似文献   

Presolar grains in the CM2 chondrite Sutter's Mill     

Xuchao Zhao  Yangting Lin  Qing‐Zhu Yin  Jianchao Zhang  Jialong Hao  Michael Zolensky  Peter Jenniskens 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2014,49(11):2038-2046

The Sutter's Mill (SM) carbonaceous chondrite is a regolith breccia, composed predominantly of CM2 clasts with varying degrees of aqueous alteration and thermal metamorphism. An investigation of presolar grains in four Sutter's Mill sections, SM43, SM51, SM2‐4, and SM18, was carried out using NanoSIMS ion mapping technique. A total of 37 C‐anomalous grains and one O‐anomalous grain have been identified, indicating an abundance of 63 ppm for presolar C‐anomalous grains and 2 ppm for presolar oxides. Thirty‐one silicon carbide (SiC), five carbonaceous grains, and one Al‐oxide (Al₂O₃) were confirmed based on their elemental compositions determined by C‐N‐Si and O‐Si‐Mg‐Al isotopic measurements. The overall abundance of SiC grains in Sutter's Mill (55 ppm) is consistent with those in other CM chondrites. The absence of presolar silicates in Sutter's Mill suggests that they were destroyed by aqueous alteration on the parent asteroid. Furthermore, SM2‐4 shows heterogeneous distributions of presolar SiC grains (12–54 ppm) in different matrix areas, indicating that the fine‐grained matrix clasts come from different sources, with various thermal histories, in the solar nebula.  相似文献   

NanoSIMS analysis of organic carbon from the Tissint Martian meteorite: Evidence for the past existence of subsurface organic‐bearing fluids on Mars     

Yangting Lin  Ahmed El Goresy  Sen Hu  Jianchao Zhang  Philippe Gillet  Yuchen Xu  Jialong Hao  Masaaki Miyahara  Ziyuan Ouyang  Eiji Ohtani  Lin Xu  Wei Yang  Lu Feng  Xuchao Zhao  Jing Yang  Shin Ozawa 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2014,49(12):2201-2218

Two petrographic settings of carbonaceous components, mainly filling open fractures and occasionally enclosed in shock‐melt veins, were found in the recently fallen Tissint Martian meteorite. The presence in shock‐melt veins and the deuterium enrichments (δD up to +1183‰) of these components clearly indicate a pristine Martian origin. The carbonaceous components are kerogen‐like, based on micro‐Raman spectra and multielemental ratios, and were probably deposited from fluids in shock‐induced fractures in the parent rock of Tissint. After precipitation of the organic matter, the rock experienced another severe shock event, producing the melt veins that encapsulated a part of the organic matter. The C isotopic compositions of the organic matter (δ¹³C = ?12.8 to ?33.1‰) are significantly lighter than Martian atmospheric CO₂ and carbonate, providing a tantalizing hint for a possible biotic process. Alternatively, the organic matter could be derived from carbonaceous chondrites, as insoluble organic matter from the latter has similar chemical and isotopic compositions. The presence of organic‐rich fluids that infiltrated rocks near the surface of Mars has significant implications for the study of Martian paleoenvironment and perhaps to search for possible ancient biological activities on Mars.  相似文献   

射电天文台址电子设备电磁辐射评估     

刘奇  陈卯蒸  李颖  张群涛 《天文研究与技术》2015,(3)

射电望远镜具有极高的系统灵敏度,且系统内、系统间及台址内电子设备众多,电磁环境复杂,科学合理地评估台址内电子设备辐射发射对射电天文观测的影响,对系统电磁兼容性设计、无线电管理、屏蔽改造等有重要的指导意义。浅析了射电望远镜系统灵敏度及射电天文领域仪器设备辐射发射相关评估标准;基于射电望远镜系统灵敏度及观测需求,计算了南山25 m射电望远镜馈源口面干扰电平限值,并给出了天线旁瓣增益的计算方法;提出一种基于干扰电平限值、旁瓣增益、干扰测量、路径衰减的电子设备电磁辐射评估方法,并针对南山25 m射电望远镜天线驱动电磁辐射进行了评估,给出了屏蔽需求。  相似文献   

天文学英语新词自动提取系统     

余恒  崔辰州  张晖 《天文研究与技术》2015,(3)

科技名词中文译名标准化和规范化工作是推动我国科技进步和科学知识传播的重要基础。新的科学概念和技术名词层出不穷,如何及时发现并确定新生术语的中文译名是一项普遍的社会需求。介绍了一套全新的天文学英语新词自动提取系统。该系统综合使用脚本过滤、术语识别、正则表达匹配等多种方法,能够自动追踪Ar Xiv论文数据库的更新,分析天文学论文的内容,生成推荐术语列表,从而将学科专家从繁重的科技新词收集整理工作中解放出来,把有限的精力集中到更能体现专业素养的新词审定工作当中。这个系统将为推动天文学等基础学科的新词收集,乃至学科标准化等工作发挥积极作用。  相似文献